Eczema or dermatitis is a group of inflammatory skin disorders that make the skin, itchy, flaky, dry, red and sore. Eczema is a very common condition, with up to a 20% of children of school age having eczema. It affects 8% of the adult population. The commonest form is atopic / allergic eczema, which is genetic and linked with asthma and hayfever. Many children grow out of this type of eczema. Eczema is not contagious.

We have detailed below some guidelines that may help you. You can always talk to us to ask advice, either come in to see us or telephone on 01904 721 541 or email us at info@thepriorypharmacy.co.uk

Other types of Ezema include:

• Contact dermatitis - caused by irritants to the skin e.g. nickel or detergents
• Seborrhoeic eczema - cradle cap in babies / severe dandruff in adults
• Varicose eczema - typically found on the legs, caused by poor blood circulation
• Discoid eczema - circular patches of eczema on the body

What are the symptoms?

The main symptom is itching. This can be so severe that it keeps the individual awake at night. Itching will make the condition worse. Lesions can be sore, hot, red, dry and flaky. They may weep or bleed and can become infected. Scaly areas of skin may form in places that are scratched regularly. Eczema can appear anywhere on the body but is often found in the skin creases of the elbows and wrists and behind the knees. In babies, lesions typically appear on the cheeks.

What is the prognosis?

Eczema is never cured but it can be managed. Sometimes it is possible to prevent flare-ups of eczema by avoiding things that make it worse.

•  Avoid contact with certain detergents or skin irritants like nickel.

•  Wear clothing made of cotton rather than synthetics

•  Avoid itching the skin

•  Stress and changes in hormone levels (during a woman's menstrual cycle) can contribute to flare-ups.

Mild eczema may resolve itself or require minimal treatment. Severe eczema, can cause extreme discomfort and distress and may even need to be treated in hospital.

How can Eczema be managed?

Emollient creams, lotions and soap substitutes, prevent the skin from becoming too dry. They also lessen the itch and discomfort.

Steroid creams reduce inflammation by dampening down the body's natural immune response. If these do not work more potent steroids can be given on prescription. Other immunosuppressant medication, are available as an alternative to steroids.

Antibiotics may also be required if the skin has become infected. For some people with eczema, ultra violet light treatment is useful.